Common Octopus (Octopus Vulgaris)

The Common Octopus is a fascinating and intelligent marine cephalopod recognized for its exceptional problem-solving abilities and incredible adaptability. This species exhibits a remarkable ability to change color and texture, allowing it to blend seamlessly into its surroundings. Known for its curious nature, the Common Octopus is a captivating addition to marine aquariums, though it requires specialized care due to its unique needs.

Care Information

• Maximum Size: Up to 3 feet (90 cm) in length.
• Tank Size: 100 gallons minimum, with a secure lid to prevent escapes and ample hiding spaces provided by rocks and caves.
• Diet: Carnivorous; feeds on a diet of live or frozen seafood, including shrimp, crabs, and fish. Regular feeding is essential for its health.
• Water Temp: 72-78°F.
• Salinity: 1.025-1.027.
• Aggression: Generally solitary; may show aggressive behavior toward tank mates, especially during feeding.
• Skill Level: Intermediate to Advanced; requires knowledgeable care due to its complex needs and sensitivity to water conditions.
• Reef Compatibility: Not suitable for reef tanks with small fish or invertebrates, as it may view them as prey.

Color Variation by Locality

• Mediterranean Sea: Individuals from this region often exhibit a mottled brown or gray coloration, allowing them to camouflage effectively among rocky substrates.
• Atlantic Ocean: Specimens found in the Atlantic may display varying patterns of brown, blue, and green, depending on environmental factors and habitat​.

Unique Behavior

• Camouflage and Intelligence: The Common Octopus is renowned for its ability to change color and texture, using specialized cells called chromatophores. This adaptation not only aids in camouflage but also plays a role in communication and displaying emotions​.

Typical Habitat

• Distribution: The Common Octopus is widely distributed throughout the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, commonly found in shallow coastal waters, rocky reefs, and sandy bottoms, where it can hide from predators